Name:
Reproductive System    
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| Definition:
The reproductive system produces gametes for fertilization, growth and
development of new members of the species, and includes a set of glands
and connecting ducts. (Ref; comparative anatomy). |
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 Structure:
The reproductive tract is composed of two parts; an internal portion and
an external portion. The internal portion is situated in the true
pelvis, nearby the lower parts of the alimentary
and excretory
tracts. It's opening exits from the torso as a component of the external
portion of the tract. The system is composed of specialized endocrine glands,
the gonads,
that generate hormones and gametes for fertilization, and tubes
for collection and delivery of mature gametes. The anatomical structures
are quite different among mammals. Gametes have the special capability
of meiotic cell division for reduction of the DNA during fertilization.
 Function:
Vertebrates
may reproduce externally by releasing their gametes into their environment
where they fertilize, or internally after introduction from the male
reproductive tract into the female reproductive
tract. Reproductive hormones
that act at target glands or organs promote development of puberty, sexual
maturity, and sexual
attraction. Once mature, the reproductive system is regulated by the
behavorial centers in the brain, and the cascade of hormones initiated
by the hypothalamus. Several factors, e.g.,
seasons, proximity of the opposite sex, and social factors, influence reproductive
function.
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