  Structure:
Target glands for trophic endocrine hormones from the hypophysis
are located throughout the body. The are the thyroid
and the parathyroid glands in the neck,
the Islets of Langerhan in the pancreas
and the adrenal glands in the back, and
the ovaries and the testis
in the pelvis. The adrenal glands have a cortex with three zones; the glomerulosa,
fasciculata, and the reticularis,
and a medulla. The medulla is made up of
chromaffin cells, a part of the sympathetic
nervous system. The rest are stimulated by the trophic hormones from
the adenohypophysis.
 Function:
The target glands of the endocrine system
secrete active hormones into the circulation. These hormones are thyroxine,
calcitonin, parathormone,
insulin, glucagon,
somatostatin, aldosterone,
corticosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate,
testosterone, androstenedione,
estradiol, and progesterone.
In addition, epinephrine and norepinephrine
are secreted by the adrenal medulla in
response to neural signals, and spermatozoa
are produced by the testis from the action of FSH
on the Sertoli cells. These chemical substances
are extracted by their target tissues where
their effect can be observed.
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