Name: Cranial nerves

Definition: The brain has ten pairs of cranial nerves.

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Structure: The cranial nerves of the peripheral nervous system extend to the structures of the head, and one of them, the Cranial Nerve X, the vagus nerve, enters the trunk. Cranial Nerve I is the optic nerve; II is the olfactory nerve; III is the oculomotor nerve; IV is the trochlear nerve; V is the trigeminal nerve; VI is the abducens nerve; VII is the facial nerve; VIII is the auditory nerve; IX is the glossalpharyngeal nerve; and X is the vagus nerve.
Function: The cranial nerves extending to the structures of the head include the senses, the control of the eyes, the mouth and throat, and one of them, the Cranial Nerve X, the vagus nerve, regulates the autonomic nervous system. The tongue is innervated by Cranial Nerve XII, the hypoglossal nerve, which is the first spinal nerve.

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